The Neolithic Caves of Montenero di Bisaccia, carved into soft sandstone and dating back to around 10,000 BC, represent one of the oldest and most significant traces of prehistoric human settlement in the Molise region. These natural caverns bear silent witness to thousands of years of human presence, offering a rare glimpse into life during the Middle Paleolithic and Neolithic periods.
Located on the southeastern slope of the town, in the picturesque Valle delle Torri along Via Giuseppe Garibaldi, the caves occupy a naturally elevated position overlooking the surrounding countryside.
Although no comprehensive archaeological excavation has ever been undertaken, various surface finds—such as flint arrowheads, bone fragments, and pieces of ancient pottery—clearly indicate that these caves once served as shelters or dwellings for early human communities. Their strategic location and natural structure would have made them ideal for protection from the elements and for observing approaching wildlife or threats. Today, the Montenero caves are not only of archaeological interest but also play a vital role in the town’s cultural and religious life. Every year, during the Christmas season, these ancient dwellings are transformed into the magical setting of the Presepe Vivente, or Living Nativity Scene. For over thirty years, this beloved tradition has brought together townspeople and visitors alike. Locals dress in period costumes, illuminating the caves with lanterns and candles, reenacting scenes from the Nativity with heartfelt devotion and artistic flair. The event attracts spectators from all over the region and beyond, offering a deeply moving experience that bridges past and present, blending history, faith, and community spirit. In this unique setting, the Neolithic Caves of Montenero di Bisaccia continue to live—not only as relics of a distant past but as a vibrant stage for a living tradition.