Nestled in a splendid panoramic position overlooking the valley of the Fiumarello stream, the Italic Temple of San Giovanni in Galdo is one of the most fascinating archaeological sites in Molise. Located near the Castel di Sangro-Lucera sheep-track, it represents valuable evidence of pre-Roman Italic cults.
The sacred area, quadrangular in shape and about 740 square meters in size, is enclosed by a sturdy stone fence and was used for outdoor ceremonies. The temple proper, small in size, was flanked by two columned side porticos. Today the high podium with molded cornices is preserved, while parts of the plain shafts and capitals bear witness to the ancient presence of four columns on the facade, curiously without steps, confirming the importance of outdoor rites.
Inside the temple cell, paved in earthenware decorated with white mosaics in geometric patterns, was kept the simulacrum of the deity. Coins were found under the floor that help date the temple between the 3rd century B.C. and 104 B.C., the date of the last coin found, a silver denarius.
The votive material found – ceramics, coins, lamps – confirms that the sanctuary was frequented until the 2nd century AD. Precious objects, often hidden in the walls or porticoes, to protect them from possible profanation.
In recent years, the site has been the subject of new excavation campaigns conducted by Leiden University (Netherlands) and La Sapienza University of Rome, coordinated by Dr. Tesse D. Stek and Dr. Antonella Lepone, with the collaboration of the Superintendence of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape of Molise. The excavations have brought to light new wall structures, architectural elements in gray limestone and remains of the various floor levels.
Today the Italic Temple of San Giovanni in Galdo continues to reveal thousand-year-old stories, offering a unique immersion in the sacred and cultural past of Molise.